Anthony Norman Albanese ( ronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help
ronunciation respelling key" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;">AL-bə-neez-ee or ronunciation_respelling_key" title="Helpronunciation respelling key" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;">AL-bə-neez;[nb 1] born 2 March 1963) is an Australian politician serving as the 31st prime minister of Australia, taking office in May 2022.[3] He has been the leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) since 2019, and Member of Parliament (MP) for Grayndler since 1996. Albanese was deputy prime minister of Australia under the second Rudd government in 2013 and a Cabinet minister in the Rudd and Gillard Governments from 2007 to 2013.
Albanese was born in Sydney to an Irish-Australian mother and an Italian father. He attended St Mary's Cathedral College, before going on to the University of Sydney to study economics. He joined the Labor Party as a student, and before entering Parliament worked as a party official and research officer. Albanese was elected to the House of Representatives at the 1996 election, winning the seat of Grayndler in New South Wales. He was first appointed to the Shadow Cabinet in 2001 by Simon Crean and went on to serve in a number of roles, eventually becoming Manager of Opposition Business in 2006.
After Labor's victory in the 2007 election, Albanese was appointed Leader of the House, and was also made Minister for Regional Development and Local Government and Minister for Infrastructure and Transport. In the subsequent leadership tensions between Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard from 2010 to 2013, Albanese was publicly critical of the conduct of both, calling for party unity. After supporting Rudd in the final leadership ballot between the two in June 2013, Albanese was elected deputy leader of the Labor Party and sworn in as Deputy Prime Minister the following day.
Following Labor's defeat in the 2013 election, Albanese stood against Bill Shorten in the ensuing leadership election, the first to include party members as well as MPs. Although Albanese won a large majority of the membership, Shorten won more heavily among Labor MPs and won the contest; Shorten subsequently appointed Albanese to his Shadow Cabinet. After Labor's surprise defeat in the 2019 election, Shorten resigned and Albanese became the only person nominated in the leadership election to replace him; he was subsequently elected unopposed as leader of the Labor Party, becoming Leader of the Opposition.[4][5]
In the 2022 election, Albanese led his party to victory against Scott Morrison's Liberal-National Coalition.[6] He was sworn in on 23 May 2022, alongside four of his senior frontbench colleagues.[7][8]
Early life
Birth and family background
Albanese was born on 2 March 1963 at St Margaret's Hospital in the Sydney suburb of Darlinghurst.[9] He is the son of Carlo Albanese and Maryanne Ellery. His mother was an Australian of Irish descent, while his father was from Barletta in Southeastern Italy. The surname Albanese means "Albanian" in Italian, in reference to the Arbëreshë people. His parents met in March 1962 on a voyage from Sydney to Southampton on the Sitmar Line's TSS Fairsky, where his father worked as a steward, but did not continue their relationship afterwards, going their separate ways.[11][12][13] (Coincidentally, the Fairsky was also the ship on which Albanese's future parliamentary colleague Julia Gillard and her family migrated to South Australia from the United Kingdom in 1966.[14][15])
Growing up, Albanese was told that his father had died in a car accident; he did not meet his father, who was in fact still alive, until 2009, tracking him down initially with the assistance of John Faulkner, Carnival Australia's CEO Ann Sherry (the parent company of P&O, which acquired the Sitmar Line in 1988) and maritime historian Rob Henderson, and then later the Australian Embassy in Italy and ambassador Amanda Vanstone.[11] He subsequently discovered that he had two half-siblings.[12][13] During the Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis of 2017, it was noted that, although birth to an Italian father would ordinarily confer citizenship by descent, Albanese had no father recorded on his birth certificate and thus meets the parliamentary eligibility requirements of section 44 of the constitution.[16]
Albanese's maternal grandfather George Ellery ran a printing business on William Street in Darlinghurst. He provided printing services to the ALP.
Childhood and education
Albanese grew up with his mother and maternal grandparents in a Sydney City Council home in the Inner West suburb of Camperdown, opposite the Camperdown Children's Hospital. His grandfather died in 1970, and the following year his mother married James Williamson. He was given his step-father's surname, but the marriage lasted only 10 weeks as Williamson proved to be an abusive alcoholic. Albanese's mother worked part-time as a cleaner but suffered from chronic rheumatoid arthritis, with the family surviving on her disability pension and his grandmother's old-age pension.
Albanese attended St Joseph's Primary School in Camperdown and St Mary's Cathedral College.[22] After finishing school, he worked for the Commonwealth Bank for two years before studying economics at the University of Sydney.[23] There he became involved in student politics and was elected to the Students' Representative Council.[24] It was also there where he started his rise as a key player in the left faction of the Labor Party.[25] During his time in student politics, Albanese led a group within Young Labor that was aligned with the left faction's Hard Left, which maintained "links with broader left-wing groups, such as the Communist Party of Australia, People for Nuclear Disarmament and the African National Congress".[26]
Pre-parliamentary career
After completing his economics degree, Albanese took on a role as research officer to the then-Minister for Local Government and Administrative Services, Tom Uren, who would become a mentor to him.[27] In 1989, the position of Assistant General Secretary of the New South Wales branch of the Labor Party became vacant when John Faulkner was elected to the Senate. The election to replace him was closely disputed between the Labor Left's Hard Left and Soft Left groupings, with Albanese being elected with the backing of the Hard Left, taking on that role for the next six years.[26] In 1995, he left the position to work as a senior adviser to New South Wales Premier Bob Carr.[23]
Early political career
Entry to Parliament
Albanese shortly after his election to Parliament.
When Jeannette McHugh announced she would not recontest her seat of Grayndler at the 1996 election, Albanese won preselection for the seat. The campaign was a difficult one, with aircraft noise a big political issue following the opening of the third runway at Sydney Airport, and the newly established No Aircraft Noise party (NAN) having polled strongly in the local area at the 1995 New South Wales election. Veteran political pundit Malcolm Mackerras predicted NAN would win the seat. However, NAN's candidate finished third, with less than 14% of the vote. Despite suffering a six-point swing against Labor, Albanese was elected with a comfortable 16-point margin.[28]
In his maiden speech to the House of Representatives, he spoke about the building of a third runway at Sydney Airport, aircraft noise and the need to build a second airport to service Sydney, as well as his support for funding public infrastructure in general, multiculturalism, native title, the social wage and childcare. He concluded by saying, "For myself, I will be satisfied if I can be remembered as someone who will stand up for the interests of my electorate, for working-class people, for the labour movement, and for our progressive advancement as a nation into the next century."[28]
In his first year in Parliament he continued this theme, speaking in favour of the Northern Territory's euthanasia legislation, the rights of the Indigenous community in the Hindmarsh Island bridge controversy,[29][30] and entitlement to superannuation for same-sex couples.[31]
This latter issue became a cause to which he was particularly dedicated. In 1998 he unsuccessfully moved a private member's bill that would have given same-sex couples the same rights to superannuation as de facto heterosexual couples.[32] Over the next nine years, he tried three more times without success, until the election of the Rudd Government in 2007 saw the legislation passed.[33] Albanese subsequently turned his attention to campaigning for same-sex marriage.[34]
Appointment to Shadow Cabinet
In 1998, Albanese was appointed a Parliamentary Secretary, a position which assists ministers and shadow ministers and is often a stepping stone to a full ministerial position.[35]
In 2001 he was promoted to the opposition Shadow Cabinet, taking the portfolio of Ageing and Seniors. A 2002 reshuffle saw him become Shadow Minister for Employment Services and Training, and in 2004 he became Shadow Minister for Environment and Heritage.[23] It was during this latter role that then-Prime Minister John Howard and Science Minister Brendan Nelson started raising the idea of nuclear power for Australia. Albanese campaigned strongly against them, as well as elements within his own party, arguing, "Nuclear energy doesn't add up economically, environmentally or socially, and after more than 50 years of debate, we still do not have an answer to nuclear proliferation or nuclear waste."[36][37]
In 2005, he was given the additional role of Shadow Minister for Water alongside his existing responsibilities, and was also appointed Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House. In December 2006, when Kevin Rudd first became Leader of the Labor Party, Albanese took over from Julia Gillard as Manager of Opposition Business in the House, a senior tactical role on the floor of the parliament, and was appointed Shadow Minister for Water and Infrastructure.[23]
Cabinet Minister
Rudd Government
Following Labor's victory at the 2007 election, Albanese's rise in standing within the party was evidenced by his appointment as Minister for Infrastructure and Transport, Minister for Regional Development and Local Government and Leader of the House of Representatives in the Rudd Ministry. Rudd was sworn in alongside his colleagues on 3 December 2007.[38]
The Labor Party had gone to the election criticising the previous government for ignoring "long-term nation building in favour of short-term political spending".[39] One of Albanese's first moves as Minister for Infrastructure and Transport was the establishment of an independent statutory body, Infrastructure Australia, to advise the Government on infrastructure priorities. Armed with advice from this independent body and his own persuasive skills in the Cabinet, he was able to argue for a doubling of the roads budget and a tenfold increase in rail investment.[40] The establishment of Infrastructure Australia was regarded by many as a success; projects delivered through the Infrastructure Australia process included Melbourne's Regional Rail Link, the Hunter Expressway, the Ipswich Motorway, the Gold Coast light rail system G:link, the Redcliffe Peninsula railway line, the extension of the Noarlunga Centre railway line to Seaford, South Australia and various projects along the Pacific Highway in NSW and Bruce Highway in Queensland.[41]
Gillard Government
Albanese at the opening of the Holbrook Bypass in 2013
After Julia Gillard replaced Rudd as Prime Minister in June 2010 owing to a leadership spill, she retained Albanese in his roles.[42] Following the 2010 election which resulted in a hung parliament, Albanese was a key player in negotiating the support of independent members Tony Windsor and Rob Oakeshott through his role of Leader of the House. Albanese was also responsible for managing legislation through the House in the first hung parliament since the 1940s.[43]
In 2011, Albanese introduced two more major policy reforms. The first on urban planning drew on the work of Danish designer Jan Gehl and set out plans for urban design with better transport links and safety.[44] The second, on shipping, was notable for gaining the approval of both the conservative Australian Shipowners Associations and the radical Maritime Union of Australia.[45] However, he also attracted controversy when a convoy of trucks from North Queensland dubbed the "convoy of no confidence" descended on Canberra's Parliament House to protest against rising fuel costs and carbon pricing. During question time, Albanese labelled the protesters outside as "the convoy of no consequence". This caused outrage among supporters of the protest and a week later a public rally in support of the truckies was held outside Albanese's electorate office in Marrickville.[46]
Following a series of poor polls, leadership instability descended again on the Labor Government. Former prime minister Kevin Rudd resigned as Minister for Foreign Affairs in February 2012 to unsuccessfully challenge Julia Gillard for the leadership.[47][48] Shortly before the ballot, Albanese came out in support of Rudd, stating that he had always been unhappy with the manner of Rudd's removal.[49] He tearfully explained how he had offered his resignation as Leader of the House to the prime minister, but that she had refused to accept it, and called on Labor to cease leadership divisions and unify. In response to a question on his personal feelings around the leadership spill, he stated "I like fighting Tories. That's what I do."[50][51]
Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
In June 2013, Rudd defeated Gillard in a final leadership election.[52][53] That same ballot saw Albanese elected by the caucus as Deputy Leader of the Labor Party, and the following day Albanese was sworn in as Deputy Prime Minister.[54] He held this role until Labor's defeat at the 2013 election, and was replaced by Warren Truss on 18 September.[55][56]
Return to Opposition
2013 leadership election
Following the defeat of Labor at the 2013 election, Albanese announced his candidacy to be Leader of the Labor Party, standing against Bill Shorten.[57] Shorten was announced as the winner after a month-long contest that was the first to involve a combined vote of MPs and rank-and-file members. Although Albanese won comfortably among party members, Shorten held a greater lead among MPs, and was subsequently elected.[58]
Shorten Opposition
In October 2013, shortly after the leadership election, Shorten appointed Albanese Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Transport and Shadow Minister for Tourism; he would hold these roles throughout Shorten's time as leader.[59] In September 2014, Albanese was given the additional responsibility as the Shadow Minister for Cities.[60]
Leader of the Opposition
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2019 leadership election
Bill Shorten announced his resignation as Leader of the Labor Party on 18 May 2019, following Labor's unexpected defeat in the 2019 election.[61][62] The day after, Albanese announced his candidacy in the subsequent leadership election.[63] On 21 May, Chris Bowen announced he would also contest the ballot; however, the next day, he announced his withdrawal, citing his lack of support among the party membership.[64] With no other candidate stepping forward, Albanese took the leadership unopposed on 30 May, with Richard Marles as his deputy.[65] Aged 56 when he took office, he is the oldest first-time Opposition Leader in 59 years, since Arthur Calwell (aged 63) took office in 1960.[66]
Prime Minister of Australia
Albanese led the Labor Party to victory at the 2022 federal election on 21 May, becoming prime minister–designate. Despite a fall in the party's primary vote, Labor won a number of seats from the Liberal-National Coalition, helped by a particularly large swing to the party in Western Australia; the result was also assisted by a number of "teal independents" winning seats from the Coalition.[67][68] Albanese will be the first Italian-Australian 
rime Minister in the country's history.[69]
Albanese was sworn in as prime minister on 23 May 2022, ahead of a meeting of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue.[8]
Political views
Albanese has described his political views as progressive,[70] and he is aligned with the Labor Left faction.[71][72]
Social issues
Albanese is a republican, and supports replacing Australia's current constitutional monarchy.[73][74] Still, in a debate to mark the Queen's Platinum Jubilee, Albanese told the Australian Parliament, "Even many Australians who do not hold with the principle of monarchy feel regard for her. You can be a republican, as I am, and still have the deepest respect for the Queen. She has done her duty with fidelity, integrity, humanity and, as she sometimes lets slip, a sly sense of humour."[75]
Albanese is pro-abortion rights, stating in an interview in August 2019 that he believes "women do have a right to choose".[76] He is also in favour of legalising voluntary euthanasia.[77][78]
Albanese is a supporter and advocate for LGBT rights,[79] and often participates in the annual Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras.[72][80] Albanese opposed holding a plebiscite for same-sex marriage, stating that "we shouldn't be having a public vote where we get to judge other families".[81] In 2017, Albanese voted "Yes" to the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017, which posed the question of if same-sex couples should be allowed to marry.[82]
In July 2015, Albanese stated his opposition to the government's policy of turning back asylum seekers who arrive in Australia via boat. "I couldn't ask someone else to do something that I couldn't see myself doing", he stated; "if people were in a boat including families and children, I myself couldn't turn that around".[83][84] However, during the 2022 federal election, Albanese clarified that boat turnbacks would be incorporated into his government's policy,[85] leading to some critics accusing Albanese of "flip-flopping" on the issue.[86][87] In August 2021, after the Taliban seized control of Afghanistan, Albanese urged the Morrison Government to give Afghan refugees permanent residency in Australia.[88]
Environmental issues
While serving in the Gillard Government, Albanese supported the introduction of carbon pricing,[89] and voted, along with the rest of the Labor Party, to establish the Clean Energy Act 2011, which instituted a carbon pricing scheme in Australia.[90][91] After the Abbott Government abolished the scheme in July 2014,[92][93] Albanese stated that carbon pricing was no longer needed, as "the circumstances have changed".[94][95]
Albanese is a prominent backer of renewable energy in Australia, and has declared that Australia's "long-term future lies in renewable energy sources".[96]
Personal life
In 2000, Albanese married Carmel Tebbutt, a future Deputy Premier of New South Wales.[97][98] They had met in Young Labor during the late 1980s,[99] and have one son together.[100][101] Albanese and Tebbutt separated in January 2019.[102] In June 2020, it was reported that Albanese was in a new relationship,[103] with Jodie Haydon.[104] Albanese said they had met at a dinner event in Melbourne a year after his separation from Tebbutt.[105] While some prime ministers divorced after leaving office, Albanese is the first divorcee to be appointed prime minister.[106]
Albanese describes himself as "half-Italian and half-Irish"[107] and a "non-practising Catholic".[108] He is also a music fan who reportedly once went to a Pogues gig in a Pixies shirt[109] and intervened as Transport Minister to save a Dolly Parton tour from bureaucratic red tape.[110] In 2013, he co-hosted a pre-election special of music program Rage and his song selection included the Pixies and Pogues alongside the Smiths, the Triffids, PJ Harvey, Hunters & Collectors and Joy Division.[111][112]
As a lifelong supporter of the South Sydney Rabbitohs, he was a board member of the club from 1999 to 2002 and influential in the fight to have the club readmitted to the National Rugby League competition.[113] During October 2009, The Sydney Morning Herald reported that Albanese had opposed an attempt to appoint the former Liberal Prime Minister John Howard to a senior position in the NRL. Albanese stated he had phoned the NRL chief executive, David Gallop, as well as other league officials, to advise them against the idea. He then implored officials at Souths to help stop the suggestion from gaining momentum.[114] In 2013, he was made a life member of the club.[113]
Albanese was injured in a side collision while driving in Marrickville, New South Wales, on 8 January 2021. He underwent treatment at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and was reportedly "injured externally and internally and had suffered considerable shock in the immediate aftermath of the impact". The other driver was a 17-year-old who received a ticket for negligent driving.[115] Emergency workers told Albanese that if the teen's car had hit just 30 centimetres either side of where it did, Albanese "would almost certainly have been killed".[116]
In April 2022, during a Federal election campaign, Albanese tested positive for COVID-19 so remained isolated at his Sydney home for seven days.[117]
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